10.4 Even fear comes from me Krishna speaks
बुद्धिर्ज्ञानमसंमोहः क्षमा सत्यं दमः शमः
सुखं दुःखं भवोऽभावो भयं चाभयमेव च
buddhir jñānam asammohaḥ kṣhamā satyaṁ damaḥ śhamaḥ
sukhaṁ duḥkhaṁ bhavo ’bhāvo bhayaṁ chābhayameva cha
Understanding, knowledge, clarity, patience, truthfulness, restraint of the senses, calm of mind, pleasure and pain, coming to be and ceasing to be, fear and fearlessness,
Explanation
And then a list that includes fear.
Understanding, knowledge, clarity, patience, truth, restraint, calm — and then pleasure and pain, coming to be and ceasing, fear and fearlessness.
Both halves of each pair. This is 9.19's symmetry arriving in a psychological register: nothing in a person is left outside the account.
Word by word
- buddhiḥ
- intellect
- jñānam
- knowledge
- asammohaḥ
- clarity of thought
- kṣhamā
- forgiveness
- satyam
- truthfulness
- damaḥ
- control over the senses
- śhamaḥ
- control of the mind
- sukham
- joy
- duḥkham
- sorrow
- bhavaḥ
- birth
- abhāvaḥ
- death
- bhayam
- fear
- cha
- and
- abhayam
- courage
- eva
- certainly
- cha
- and
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