← the field

Settings

How much English
Emphasis
Light

Auto follows the hour.

Text
Contrast
Motion
Sound

Kept in this browser only. Nothing is saved until you apply.

1.10 He counts, and gets it backwards Sanjaya speaks

अपर्याप्तं तदस्माकं बलं भीष्माभिरक्षितम्
पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाभिरक्षितम्

aparyāptaṁ tadasmākaṁ balaṁ bhīṣhmābhirakṣhitam
paryāptaṁ tvidameteṣhāṁ balaṁ bhīmābhirakṣhitam

Our strength is beyond counting, with Bhishma guarding it; theirs is limited, with Bhima at its head.

Explanation

He counts, and he gets it backwards.

He calls his own force aparyāptam — unlimited — and the enemy's paryāptam, limited. The words can be read the other way, and commentators have argued over it for centuries.

Either way the tell is the same. A man who was certain would not need to total up the numbers out loud.

Going further

Duryodhana is counting, and he gets it backwards. He says his own force is aparyāptam — unlimited — and the enemy's is paryāptam, limited. He has more troops and he is right about the arithmetic.

He loses anyway. The chapter opens with the side that has the numbers doing the tallying, and it is the last time counting appears as a way of understanding the situation.

Word by word

aparyāptam
unlimited
tat
that
asmākam
ours
balam
strength
bhīṣhma
by Grandsire Bheeshma
abhirakṣhitam
safely marshalled
paryāptam
limited
tu
but
idam
this
eteṣhām
their
balam
strength
bhīma
Bheem
abhirakṣhitam
carefully marshalled