4.30 All of these know what it is Krishna speaks

अपरे नियताहाराः प्राणान्प्राणेषु जुह्वति
सर्वेऽप्येते यज्ञविदो यज्ञक्षपितकल्मषाः

apare niyatāhārāḥ prāṇān prāṇeṣu juhvati
sarve py 'ete yajña-vido yajña-kṣapita-kalmaṣāḥ

Others eat sparingly and offer breath into breath. All of these know what an offering is, and their wrongs are consumed by it.

Explanation

All of these know what an offering is.

And their wrongs are consumed by it — the same fire again.

Six verses of wildly different practices, and one verdict for all of them. What they share is not the method but the structure: something given up into something else.

Word by word

apare: others
niyata: controlled
āhārāḥ: eating
prāṇān: outgoing air
prāṇeṣu: in the outgoing air
sarve: all
api: although apparently different
ete: all these
yajñavidaḥ: conversant with the purpose of performing
yajña: sacrifices
kṣapita: being cleansed of the result of such performances
kalmaṣāḥ: sinful reactions
juhvati: sacrifices.